Endeavor Careers Choicest Blogs: Weekly Current Affairs: October 2021, Week 03

Welcome to the Endeavor Editors’ Weekly Current Affairs Choicest Blog series. Get a weekly roundup – on news from business, economy, markets, policy, and more. A quick capsule format news summary and update to keep you abreast with all the latest current affairs.

Current Affairs October 2021 – Week 3

1.  International News and Global Economy

China tested hypersonic missile in August, says FT report

China has tested a nuclear-capable hypersonic missile that circled the globe before reaching its target, the Financial Times has reported. According to the FT report, the test was conducted in August and has caught the US security establishment by surprise. The missile, whose launch was kept a secret by China, however, missed its target by around 24 miles, the report said. The missile circled the globe before speeding towards its target, demonstrating an advanced space capability. Though there was no official reaction from the US or Indian government to the report, strategic experts in India believe more information is needed to start getting worried about the development. The report said that China generally announces the launch of Long March rockets — the type used to launch the hypersonic glide vehicle into orbit — but it conspicuously concealed the August launch. The developments come in the backdrop of growing US-China rivalry, Chinese pressure on Taiwan, and China’s year-long standoff with Indian forces in eastern Ladakh.

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Why China is trying to edge out US & Russia in the race for Hypersonic missiles

Amid a power struggle between major power of the world, an arms race is intensifying. The United States, Russia & China are engaged in a power play & are racing for supremacy. All three countries are now making big strides in the pursuit of hypersonic weapons. Beijing sees hypersonic weapons as crucial to PLA’s defense strategy & is trying to get ahead.

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‘Unscientific methodology’, says Centre on Global Hunger Index that places India at 101st spot

The methodology used to prepare the Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2021 is “unscientific”, the Centre said, a day after the report was released which ranks India at 101st spot among 116 countries. The rankings are based on the estimates shared by Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) — an agency linked to the United Nations (UN). The Women and Child Development (WCD) Ministry, in its response to the report, raised apprehensions over the methodology adopted by FAO while sharing the estimates. “It is shocking to find that the Global Hunger Report 2021 has lowered the rank of India on the basis of FAO estimate on proportion of undernourished population, which is found to be devoid of ground reality and facts and suffers from serious methodological issues,” the ministry said in a statement. The report, prepared jointly by Irish aid agency Concern Worldwide and German organisation Welt Hunger Hilfe, has placed India behind neighbours Pakistan (92), Myanmar (71), Bangladesh (76) and Nepal (76).

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Why India slipped to 101 out of 116 countries as latest global hunger Index holds up a rude mirror

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Kerala landslide: Locals displaced, shifted to rehabilitation camps; death toll rises to 18

A day after heavy rains triggered a series of landslides in Kerala, residents of the particularly hard-hit areas of Kottayam and Idukki districts are reeling under the devastation. A large number of people residing in some of the affected villages have been displaced from their homes and forced to relocate to rehabilitation camps. So far, the death toll has reached 18, PTI reported. Although the fury of rains has subsided, the Kerala State Disaster Management Authorities (KSDMA) said a trough of low at mean sea level now lies over Southeast adjoining East central Arabian Sea off north Kerala-Karnataka coasts and predicted possibility of light to moderate rainfall at many places with only isolated heavy rainfall over the state during next 24 hours and further decrease thereafter.

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Two more non-native labourers killed as terrorists open fire in Kashmir; 5 such deaths in less than a fortnight

In an indiscriminate firing by terrorists in the Wanpoh area of Kulgam district, two non-locals were killed and one sustained severe injuries on Sunday. Local police and security forces have cordoned off the area, the Kashmir Zone Police tweeted. This is the third attack on non-local residents in the past two days. On Saturday, two non-local labourers- a street vendor and a carpenter were killed in two separate attacks. The terrorists fired indiscriminately, J&K police said. The valley has been witnessing a spate of attacks on civilians, including people who have come to the valley from other states. The continuing pattern of selective killing has resulted in widespread scare. Citing the attacks, the J&K leaders say that this is to malign Kashmiris’ image.

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India cuts import duty on cooking oils; September imports of palm oil are highest single month imports in 25 years

Amid persistently cooking oil prices since more than a year, the central government has reduced the import duty on crude and refined palm oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil between 16.5 % to 19.25% with effect from October 14 upto March 31, 2022. The immediate trigger for this drastic duty reduction is largely on account of high price edible oil and onset of festive season and high food inflation. “However, the timing of reduction of import duty is a cause of concern as farmers are now harvesting record kharif soya and groundnut crop and reduction in import duty may affect the farmers’ realisation for their produce,” said Atul Chaturvedi, president, Solvent Extractors’ Association (SEA).

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Corporatisation of Ordnance Factory Board: PM dedicates 7 defence firms to the nation

Seven new defence companies, carved out of Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), were dedicated to the nation by Prime Minister Narendra Modi over video conference facility, as part of a major defence sector reform. Modi mentioned that these new companies would play an important role in import substitution, in line with the vision of ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’. An order book of more than ?65,000 crore reflects the increasing confidence of the country in these companies, he added.

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Watch: PM Modi launches 7 new defence PSUs on Vijayadashmi; Ordnance Factory Board dissolved

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Green clearance for 38 outposts in Arunachal, Ladakh along China border

Thirty-four border outposts in Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh along the Sino-India border have received a crucial go-ahead from an environmental panel. These include some in areas that recently saw border hostilities between Indian and Chinese troops. The approvals – paving the way for scaling up strategic border infrastructure – have come amid reports of repeated incursion by Chinese soldiers in border areas. Several of the 24 border outposts of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), which were cleared at the September 24 meeting of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL), are in areas that saw Indian troops clash with soldiers of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) last summer.

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Climate financing area of worry, says Nirmala Sitharaman ahead of upcoming COP26 Summit in Glasgow

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has said that climate financing continues to be an area of worry as she flagged India’s concerns over funding mechanism and technology transfer. Her remarks came ahead of the upcoming COP26 Summit to be held at Glasgow in the United Kingdom. Leaders of nearly 200 countries, including India, will gather at the high-level summit on climate change, scheduled to be held from October 31 to November 12, to discuss the way forward to tackle climate action and submit their updated targets. Sitharaman said it is unclear how the $100 billion per year commitment given in the wake of COP21 has been extended.

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The climate finance challenge

What counts as climate finance? How should it be spent? Who should receive it? How does it differ from other forms of development assistance? Senior Reporter Michael Igoe explains.

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Explained: Shillong’s Dalit Sikhs, an old land dispute, and a relocation proposed and opposed

A Meghalaya Cabinet decision to relocate the Dalit Sikh residents of Shillong’s Them lew Mawlong area, also called Punjabi Lane, is facing opposition. Sikh groups have called it “illegal” and “unjust”.  At the heart of it is a simmering issue between the Sikh residents and the local Khasi community, centred on a decades-old land dispute. The government claims the land belongs to the Urban Affairs Department, while the Sikhs say it was “gifted” to them in the 1850s by the Syiem (chief) of Hima Mylliem – one of the chiefdoms in Khasi Hills. Punjabi Lane is part of Mylliem, one of the 54 traditional administrative territories under the Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council today. According to the Cabinet decision, the Urban Affairs Department would take possession of the land from the Syiem of Mylliem (the custodian of the land) within a week.  The state government has said those who are permanent employees of the SMB will be relocated to constructed quarters elsewhere in the city. For the other residents, the government was “exploring other locations”.

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India most cost-effective globally in rooftop solar power: Report

A global study has found that India is the most cost-effective country for generating rooftop solar energy at USD 66 per megawatt-hour, while the cost in China is marginally higher at USD 68 per megawatt-hour. Due to the lower cost, rooftop solar photovoltaics (RTSPV) technology, such as roof-mounted solar panels used in homes, and commercial and industrial buildings, is currently the fastest deployable energy generation technology. This, according to this global study, is projected to fulfil up to 49 per cent of the global electricity demand by 2050. According to the study, India has a significant solar rooftop potential of 1.7 petawatt-hour per year. This is against the country’s current electricity demand of 1.3 petawatt-hour per annum, it said.

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3) Economy

International Monetary Fund retains India’s 9.5% growth forecast

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has kept India’s growth forecast for 2021-22 unchanged at 9.5%, but lowered the global growth projection marginally to 5.9% from 6% earlier citing supply disruptions in advanced economies and worsening pandemic dynamics in low-income developing countries. IMF had in July slashed India’s growth forecast for FY22 to 9.5% from earlier projection of 12.5%, citing the severe second Covid-19 wave during March-May. IMF’s growth projection is in line with the Reserve Bank of India’s GDP growth estimate for the current fiscal at 9.5% as also private agencies. Global rating agency S&P, too, expects India to grow by 9.5% in FY22, while Moody’s has projected a GDP growth of 9.3%. Last week, the World Bank retained its India growth projection for FY22 at 8.3% same as its June forecast, but said the increasing pace of vaccinations will determine India’s economic prospects this year and beyond.

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Exim Bank targets $7 billion financing of project exports over 5 years

Export-Import Bank of India targets to achieve financing of USD 7 billion of project exports over the next five years with the government announcing fund infusion of Rs 1,650 crore in the National Export Insurance Account (NEIA) to boost project exports. The NEIA Trust, set up by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, in March 2006, provides export credit insurance cover for promoting medium and long-term project exports from India. The corpus infusion will enhance the project export possibility having cover by NEIA by about Rs 33,000 crore over the next five years, the bank said in a statement.

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India’s poised to grow like it did in 2003-10, says Jefferies

The Indian economy is poised for a repeat performance of growth last seen between 2003 and 2010 led by corporate deleveraging and profitability, lower bad assets and demand for housing, Jefferies said. The US brokerage analysed six key components of the economic cycle: Demand for housing, drop in bank NPAs, corporate profitability, interest rates, corporate leverage and capex revival. It said the risk appetite of banks is set to increase as bad loans have fallen – just as they did in 2003-04. Although interest rates are set to rise from current record lows, it is unlikely to hit the economic recovery despite a rise in yields – as it did in the 2003-2010 economic upcycle. “Corporate investment is still sluggish as capacity utilisation and risk appetite is low. Property uptick should help reduce risk averseness. Overall, the broader capex upturn should follow over the next 4-6 quarters,” the US brokerage said.

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Sept trade gap at 14-year high, goods exports grow 22.76%

India’s merchandise trade deficit widened to a record $22.59 billion in September, the highest in at least about 14 years, official data released on 14^th October showed. Led by petroleum products and engineering goods, India’s merchandise exports in September rose 22.76% on year at $33.79 billion, slower than 45.17% growth in August. Data released by the commerce and industry ministry showed imports growing at a faster pace of 84.77% at $56.39 billion. Trade deficit was $2.96 billion a year ago. “The sharp rise in the merchandise trade deficit in September reflects an element of inventory stocking ahead of the festive season as well as advancement of crude oil purchases in light of the looming hardening of prices,” said Aditi Nayar, chief economist, ICRA.

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September wholesale inflation slows but in double-digits for 6th straight month

Wholesale inflation in September eased to 10.66% from 11.39% in the previous month but remained in double digits for the sixth month in a row. Food inflation contracted 4.69% in September compared with a 1.29% fall a month ago, while that of manufactured products rose to 11.41% from 11.39% in August. Data showed India’s retail inflation eased to a five-month low of 4.35% in September.

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4) Markets, Banking, and Finance

PNB Housing Finance shelves share sale plan citing legal delays

PNB Housing Finance has shelved its proposed Rs 4000 crore preferential issue to private equity giant Carlyle Group and co investors including former HDFC Bank CEO Aditya Puri, General Atlantic and Ares SSG citing “protracted” legal delays in getting regulatory approvals which has made the timeline for the completion of the deal uncertain, the company said in a statement to the stock exchanges. The company has as a result terminated subscription agreements executed with Carlyle and will look for other alternatives to raise capital. Carlyle arm Pluto Investments S.a.r.l and other investors will withdraw the proposal to buy stake in the company.

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PE, VC investments halve in September; FY22 expected to see record activity: Report

Investments by private equity and venture capital funds in September more than halved to USD 4.8 billion as compared to USD 10.9 billion in August, but higher than the USD 4.3 billion recorded in the year-ago period, a report said. On a quarterly basis, investments in the July-September period surged 3.4 times to USD 25.3 billion, with a sharp rebound in buyout investments and start-up investments accounting for 39 per cent of investments, the report by consultancy EY and industry lobby IVCA said. “In our view, we could see 2021 PE/VC investments and exits exceed USD 70 billion and USD 50 billion, respectively,” said Vivek Soni, partner at EY.

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RBI issues small finance bank licence to Centrum and BharatPe combine

The RBI issued a Small Finance Bank (SFB) license to the consortium of Centrum Financial Services, and Digital payments platform BharatPe. The new bank is christened as “Unity Small Finance Bank”. Centrum is expected to make a formal announcement. Earlier on June 18 the Reserve Bank of India Friday gave “in-principle” approval to Centrum Financial Services to set up a small finance bank through which the non-bank entity will likely merge businesses of PMC Bank given the final licence. 

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ET NOW Exclusive | Ashneer Grover of BharatPe on license for India’s 1st digital small finance bank

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5) Business

Business confidence at 10-qtr high as demand, economic activity picks up, shows Business Today-C fore survey

India Inc’s business sentiment rebounded strongly in Q2 of FY22 along with the ebbing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the latest Business Today-C fore Business Confidence Index (BCI). On a scale of 100, the index jumped to 49.6 in the July-September quarter (Q2) of FY22 after touching its lowest point at 43.2 in the April-June quarter (Q1) of the current fiscal year. The BCI, based on The Business Today-C fore Business Confidence Survey, further shows the business sentiment has moved up across all businesses- big, medium, small and micro and touched its highest point in the last 10 quarters. Aroon Purie, Editor-in-Chief, India Today Group, of which Business Today is a part, says the current survey highlights strong optimism among businesses.

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Reliance Brands acquires 40% stake in designer Manish Malhotra’s MM Styles

Reliance Industries Ltd.’s Reliance Brands Ltd (RBL) and famous designer Manish Malhotra have announced a strategic partnership to acquire a 40 per cent stake in Malhotra’s MM Styles Pvt Ltd. A Reliance Brands statement said this is the first “external investment” for the brand, which had so far been privately held by the designer. It said the investment is aimed at accelerating the 16-year-old couture house’s growth plans in India and across the globe. Fashion designer Manish Malhotra said as the “brand aims for international expansion, business diversification, and renewed creative growth, there could have been no better strategic partner to accompany us on this journey”.

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Reliance Retail launches gourmet store ‘Freshpik’ in Mumbai; enters ultra-premium grocery space

Reliance Retail has launched a new experiential gourmet food store -Freshpik in Mumbai, marking its foray into ultra-premium grocery space in India. Freshpik will offer a range of food items comprising fruits and vegetables – with specially curated organic varieties and live microgreens, essential ingredients for international cuisines like Japanese, Italian, Korean, and Thai, breads, ice creams, artisanal cheese, chocolates from local and international producers, and frozen desserts. A distinctive aspect of Freshpik is its immersive shopping concepts – created by integrating digital and physical themes – that elevate the experience of shopping to a whole new plane. Many of these concepts are being implemented for the first time in India.

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6) Technology

Larsen & Toubro forays into EdTech; Appoints Sabyasachi Das as CEO

Industrial conglomerate Larsen & Toubro (L&T) has entered into India’s booming EdTech space. The company has launched L&T EduTech — a platform that will offer courses in the engineering and technology verticals. The company has appointed Sabyasachi Das as the CEO of its new business. Before joining L&T, Das was senior vice president & member of the executive leadership team (ELT) at Cognizant. Through the EdTech platform, L&T aims to upskill engineers and support its businesses.  According to the company, the faculty would be drawn from industry, academia and L&T to impart their knowledge and experience through hybrid learning and skilling platforms.

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Everything you need to know about Karnataka’s ban on Online Gaming

Owing to the vacillating regulations, earlier this week, fantasy gaming platform Dream11 suspended its operations in Karnataka. A complaint was lodged against its founders — Bhavit Sheth and Harsh Jain, against the backdrop of a recent ban imposed by the state. In another instance, MPL, Nazara games’ Halaplay, Paytm First Games and other online casino-kind games have stopped offering cash games to users in Karnataka. In September 2021, the Karnataka government passed a bill that banned online “games of chance”. Operating such games, sheltering such operations, and abetting and participating in such online games both cognisable and non-bailable is an offence, according to the bill.

The entire argument of Karnataka and other states banning fantasy gaming platforms stands on the ground that Dream11 and others are “games of chance” and not “games of skill”.

Online gaming start-ups are currently caught up in a labyrinth of compliances, given that there is no centralised framework in this space. With no centralised framework at the union level, states have come up with their own law, and thus, lawyers are game-testers for these companies.

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Boom in Ed-Tech gets bigger: M&As, fundraises soar, way above 2-year total

A pandemic-induced boom in the education-linked ed-tech sector has spurred a scramble for deals among the top players, amid record fund flows. During the first nine months of 2021, the ed-tech sector saw mergers and acquisitions worth more than $3.35 billion, more than three times the consolidated amounts raised in the last two years — $416 million in 2020 and $783 million in 2019. Similarly, PE-VC fundraises by ed-tech firms totalled $3.77 billion in the first nine months of 2021, far exceeding the cumulative $2.22 billion and $968 million raised in 2020 and 2019 respectively, data provided by Venture Intelligence showed. Much of this funding activity is concentrated at the top, with larger companies like Byju’s cornering a major chunk of the M&A activity. While in India, the fundraising amount for 2021 by the ed-tech sector is way above last year’s amount, the overall global scenario has been comparatively slower on this front.

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7) Politics

Farmer leader Gurnam Singh Chaduni to float Political Party ahead of Punjab polls

In what could throw open interesting political equations ahead of the forthcoming Punjab assembly polls, prominent farmer leader Gurnam Singh Chaduni has decided to float a political party that will take a plunge into the electoral battle. Chaduni, however, has clarified that he will not be contesting in the polls himself. Even earlier Chaduni has been made statements indicating his interest in the State polls, but had denied that he was floating a party terming his initiative as pure social work platform of Mission Punjab. Now in a U-turn, he has decided to float a party. Chaduni, who is seen as more of a popular face in neighbouring Haryana has said that it was not only necessary to contest the elections but forge a political front that would be proactive in their decisions and keep the agrarian community in mind.

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8) Sports

Rahul Dravid agrees to come on board as India head coach after Ravi Shastri

The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) has managed to convince Rahul Dravid to apply for the national team coach’s post, which will fall vacant after the T20 World Cup. Dravid, who is Head of Cricket at the National Cricket Academy (NCA) in Bengaluru, was in Dubai where he gave a presentation to the BCCI office-bearers -president Sourav Ganguly, secretary Jay Shah, treasurer Arun Dhumal and joint secretary Jayesh George – on the appointment of new coaches at the NCA. The board wants Dravid to take up the responsibility till 2023.

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Chennai Super Kings players celebrate with trophy after winning IPL 2021 Final vs Kolkata Knight Riders

Chennai Super Kings (CSK) secured their fourth Indian Premier League (IPL) title in style as they clinched a 27-run win against Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) in the IPL 2021 final in Dubai.  This was the fourth occasion that Dhoni picked up the IPL trophy and with the final win, CSK stand second to only Mumbai Indians (MI) in the list of most IPLs won. Throughout the game, CSK looked in total control after being asked to bat first at the Dubai International Stadium. Openers Faf fu Plessis and Ruturaj Gaikwad gave CSK a perfect platform to build upon as both in-form players took matters in their hands in the initial overs. CSK went along smoothly, posting a challenging 192/3 in 20 overs.

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India Vs Nepal, SAFF Championship Final: Sunil Chhetri Equals Lionel Messi Feat as Blue Tigers Win 8th Title

India finally showed their might by taming a spirited Nepal in the final of the 2021 South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) Championship on Saturday. Days ago, India was looking down the barrel after playing out draws against lowered-ranked Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. But on a rainy day in Male, Maldives, India survived an open first-half to beat maiden finalists Nepal with three second-half goals and once again established their supremacy in South Asia. The win also helped Stimac become only the third foreign coach, after Jiri Pesek (1993) and Stephen Constantine (2015), to clinch the title with the Indian team. But more importantly, the win will help calm frayed nerves in India after the team’s poor results in recent outings.

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9) Opinion

India’s stock market can withstand external shocks, says Nomura

Nomura Holdings Ltd. expects India’s capital markets to be resilient in the event of foreign investors suddenly getting cold feet, as local financial institutions and the retail investors flocking to invest will continue to lend their support. Mangesh Ghogre, executive director and head of equity capital markets at Nomura India says Even if there is a shock in one pillar like a downturn in the flow of foreign money, it will be complemented by the domestic institutions and retail investors. 

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Explained: Customs duty waiver on edible oil imports; will it help control prices?

Prices of edible oil have been rising across the country in the last few months. Data collated by the Price Monitoring Cell (PMC) of the Ministry of Food and Consumer Affairs show that most edible oils are trading between Rs 130-Rs 190/litre. The government has not only abolished the basic customs duty on crude palm, soyabean and sunflower oil, but also slashed the agri cess levied on these until March 31, 2022. This comes days after the Centre authorised the states to impose a stock limit on oilseeds and oil to control prices. The government has been slashing duty rates on both crude and refined oils since February. This will be the fifth such intervention to control prices. Industry sources say consumers might not see a drastic reduction immediately in prices of edible oil. Over the last few years, the government has taken a series of steps to remove India’s import dependency on pulses and tried to do the same for oilseeds through national missions. However, frequent market interventions that ultimately bring down prices, the industry said, would backfire on the government and veer farmers away from growing oilseeds. 

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From Cricketers to Bollywood: Will NFT Marketplaces become the New Insta for Indian Celebrities?

In the last two weeks, an emerging trend in the Indian crypto industry is that celebrities across domains — cricket and entertainment — are partnering with or investing in NFT marketplaces. After Big B and Salman Khan, Suniel Shetty is the latest Bollywood celebrity to jump on the non-fungible token (NFT) bandwagon. Shetty is now an investor and advisor for Colexion, an NFT marketplace on the polygon network. “I strongly believe that the active involvement of sports legends and entertainment celebs in NFT space will bring up tons of hope and inspire artists worldwide who deserve the limelight”, says Colexion founder Bibin Babu. But as NFTs are gaining mainstream attention, they have also attracted a host of bad actors: the current market for the tokens has many concerns, including those of art and identity theft, ‘wash trading’ and environmental damage.

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10) Weekly special

Despite the pandemic, how Koo was able to onboard over 10M users

Ten days into the lockdown in March 2020, Aprameya Radhakrishna and Mayank Bidawatka launched Koo App, a microblogging platform for Indian languages that is an offshoot of their user-generated content platform Vokal. The focus of Koo was simple: create a micro-blogging platform that can help people communicate in a language they are comfortable in. The duo believed that while San Francisco-based micro-blogging site Twitter boasts of over 330 million users worldwide, only a fraction of 70 million Kannada speakers would be tweeting in their native language on the social platform.  This created a gap in India, which has several regional languages, and locals prefer to exchange their views in their native languages rather than in English. Initially, the founders had built a button on the Vokal app itself. Having realised that Vokal was built in a Q&A format like that of Quora, with videos and voices, the founders decided to develop an app where users can converse in their regional languages.

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Why Koo? Co-founder Mayank Bidawatka Explains

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11) Did you know?

The wonder material we all need but is running out

Climate change, capitalism and disease are threatening to strike a mortal blow to the world’s rubber trees. Do we need to find alternative sources of rubber before it’s too late? rubber is deemed to be a commodity of such global importance that it is included on the EU’s list of critical raw materials. Unfortunately, there are signs the world might be running out of natural rubber. Disease, climate change and plunging global prices have put the world’s rubber supplies into jeopardy. But how has such an important commodity fallen into such peril in the first place?

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With that, we come to an end for our Weekly Current Affairs October 2021 -Week 3. Hope you have liked it. Write your feedback in the comments below and let us know if there is anything else you would like us to cover.

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